Astro Static Site Generator

Deploy multilingual static websites for free on Cloudflare using Astro framework.

Prerequisites

• Node.js 20+ installed
• Cloudflare account (free)
• Git repository (GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket)

Quick Start

1. Create Project

npm create astro@latest my-site -- --template minimal
cd my-site
npm install

2. Configure for Cloudflare

Static Sites (Recommended for most use cases)

No adapter needed. Use default static output:

// astro.config.mjs
import { defineConfig } from 'astro/config';

export default defineConfig({
  site: 'https://your-site.pages.dev',
});

SSR/Edge Functions (Optional)

If you need server-side rendering or edge functions:

npm install @astrojs/cloudflare

// astro.config.mjs
import { defineConfig } from 'astro/config';
import cloudflare from '@astrojs/cloudflare';

export default defineConfig({
  output: 'server',
  adapter: cloudflare(),
  site: 'https://your-site.pages.dev',
});

3. Deploy to Cloudflare

Git Integration (Recommended)

1. Push to GitHub/GitLab
2. Cloudflare Dashboard → Pages → Create project → Connect to Git
3. Configure:
   • Build command: npm run build
   • Build output: dist

Direct Upload

# Deploy (authenticate via Cloudflare dashboard or wrangler)
npx wrangler pages deploy dist

Multilingual Configuration

Astro Config

// astro.config.mjs
export default defineConfig({
  i18n: {
    defaultLocale: 'en',
    locales: ['en', 'es', 'fr', 'de'],
    routing: {
      prefixDefaultLocale: false,  // /about instead of /en/about
    },
  },
});

Routing Modes:

| Setting | URL Structure | Best For | |---------|--------------|----------| | prefixDefaultLocale: false | /about, /es/about | Default locale at root | | prefixDefaultLocale: true | /en/about, /es/about | All locales prefixed |

Content Structure

src/content/
├── config.ts          # Content collection schema
└── docs/
    ├── en/
    │   ├── index.md
    │   └── guide.md
    ├── es/
    │   ├── index.md
    │   └── guide.md
    └── fr/
        ├── index.md
        └── guide.md

Content Collection Schema

// src/content/config.ts
import { defineCollection, z } from 'astro:content';

const docs = defineCollection({
  type: 'content',
  schema: z.object({
    title: z.string(),
    description: z.string(),
    lang: z.enum(['en', 'es', 'fr', 'de']),
  }),
});

export const collections = { docs };

Note: Run npx astro sync after adding content collections to generate types.

Language Switcher Component

---
// src/components/LanguageSwitcher.astro
const languages = {
  en: 'English',
  es: 'Español',
  fr: 'Français',
  de: 'Deutsch',
};

const currentPath = Astro.url.pathname;
const currentLang = Astro.currentLocale || 'en';
---

<select onchange="window.location = this.value">
  {Object.entries(languages).map(([code, name]) => (
    <option 
      value={`/${code}${currentPath}`} 
      selected={code === currentLang}
    >
      {name}
    </option>
  ))}
</select>

File Structure

my-site/
├── astro.config.mjs      # Astro configuration
├── package.json
├── public/
│   ├── favicon.svg
│   └── _redirects        # Cloudflare redirects (optional)
├── src/
│   ├── components/
│   │   └── LanguageSwitcher.astro
│   ├── content/
│   │   ├── config.ts
│   │   └── blog/
│   │       ├── en/
│   │       └── es/
│   ├── layouts/
│   │   └── BaseLayout.astro
│   └── pages/
│       ├── index.astro
│       ├── en/
│       │   └── index.astro
│       └── es/
│           └── index.astro

Cloudflare Pages Settings

| Setting | Value | |---------|-------| | Build command | npm run build | | Build output | dist | | Node version | 20 | | Environment | NODE_VERSION=20 |

Custom Domain

Cloudflare Dashboard → Pages → your-site → Custom domains → Add domain

Redirects

Create public/_redirects:

/  /en/  302
/old-page  /new-page  301

Commands Reference

| Command | Description | |---------|-------------| | npm run dev | Start dev server | | npm run build | Build for production | | npm run preview | Preview production build | | npx astro sync | Generate content collection types | | npx wrangler login | Authenticate with Cloudflare | | npx wrangler pages deploy dist | Deploy to Cloudflare |

Blog with Content Collections

---
// src/pages/blog/[...slug].astro
import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';

export async function getStaticPaths() {
  const posts = await getCollection('blog');
  return posts.map(post => ({
    params: { slug: post.slug },
    props: { post },
  }));
}

const { post } = Astro.props;
const { Content } = await post.render();
---

<article>
  <h1>{post.data.title}</h1>
  <Content />
</article>

Troubleshooting

Build Fails on Cloudflare

Set NODE_VERSION=20 in Cloudflare Pages environment variables.

404 on Nested Routes

// astro.config.mjs
export default defineConfig({
  trailingSlash: 'always',
});

i18n Not Working

Ensure:

1. Locales match folder names exactly
2. Content files have correct lang frontmatter
3. Run npx astro sync after creating content collections

Content Collection Type Errors

Run npx astro sync to generate TypeScript types.

Resources

• Astro Docs
• Cloudflare Pages Docs
• Astro i18n Guide
• Cloudflare Adapter

Scripts

| Script | Description | |--------|-------------| | astro-new-post.py | Create multilingual blog posts | | astro-i18n-check.py | Validate translation coverage |

Script Usage

# Create a new post in multiple languages
python scripts/astro-new-post.py --title "My Post" --langs en,es,fr

# Create with author and tags
python scripts/astro-new-post.py --title "Tutorial" --langs en,es --author "John" --tags tutorial,astro

# Check translation coverage
python scripts/astro-i18n-check.py --langs en,es,fr

# Check specific content directory
python scripts/astro-i18n-check.py --content-dir src/content/blog --langs en,es

# Output as JSON
python scripts/astro-i18n-check.py --langs en,es,fr --json

All scripts use only Python standard library (no dependencies).