Framer Code Development

Section tags: [C] applies to code components, [O] to code overrides, [C/O] to both.

Pitfalls (quick lookup)

| Issue | Cause | Fix | |-------|-------|-----| | Variable text not found in override | Reading only props.children | Check props.text first — variable-bound text bypasses children | | Font styles not applying | Accessing font props individually | Spread entire font object: ...props.font | | Hydration mismatch | Browser API in render | Use isClient state pattern | | Dimensions stuck at 0 / SSR'd size persists | Initial state read from window already equals real value, setState no-ops | Init state to 0, flip in effect (see Hydration Safety) | | Color value crashes when user binds a token | ControlType.Color returns {value: "#xxx"} for tokens, string for static | Unwrap with tok(v) before use (see Color Tokens) | | Override props undefined | Expecting property controls | Overrides don't support addPropertyControls | | Override missing from Framer's picker dropdown | Export value is produced by calling a factory/HOC-generator — Framer's static scanner only recognizes literal override exports | Write each override as a literal export function withX(Component) or export const withX = (Component) => … (see Overrides Must Be Literal Exports) | | Scroll animation broken | overflow: scroll on container | Use IntersectionObserver on viewport (see Scroll Detection) | | Scroll/animation silently stops working when target ID is set | useScroll target stored in useState captures null on first render | Use useRef for live-read targets (see Live-Read Refs) | | Named CMS layer not found by findByFramerName | Layer is a dynamic component instance — name not on data-framer-name | Wrap dynamic component in a plain frame carrying the expected name | | HLS video permanently pixelated | .m3u8 in Chrome without HLS.js | Use HLS.js dynamic import pattern (see HLS Video Streaming) | | Overlay stuck "half-pressed" / needs two clicks to close | Triggering Framer interactions with synthetic events (dispatchEvent) | Call the React handler directly via fiber traversal (see references/fiber-handlers.md) | | Overlay stuck under content | Stacking context from parent | Use React Portal to render at document.body level | | Shader attach error | Null shader from compilation failure | Check createShader() return before attachShader() | | TypeScript Timeout errors | Using NodeJS.Timeout type | Use number instead — browser environment | | Component display name | Need custom name in Framer UI | Component.displayName = "Name" | | Easing feels same for all curves | Not tracking initial distance | Track initialDiff when target changes (see references/patterns.md) | | URL-bound filters don't react to a programmatic URL write | replaceState/pushState don't fire popstate | Dispatch it manually after writing (see Writing State into the URL) | | Slider drag floods browser history / traps Back | pushState on every onChange | Use replaceState for high-frequency writes | | Range input shows blue native fill / unstyleable thumb | Native <input type="range"> chrome | appearance:none + neutralise track + custom thumb per engine (see Styling Native Range Inputs) |

Contents

• Foundations — components vs overrides, annotations, starter templates
• Authoring — property controls, fonts, color tokens
• Rendering & SSR — hydration, canvas detection, concurrent rendering, npm imports
• CMS — text timing in overrides, code-component CMS pattern
• Overrides — specific patterns — variant control, fiber handlers
• DOM & Performance — scroll detection, live-read refs, portals, common patterns
• Media — HLS video, WebGL
• Debug — gated logging

---

Foundations

Code Components vs Overrides

Code Components [C]: Custom React components added to canvas. Support addPropertyControls.

Code Overrides [O]: Higher-order components wrapping existing canvas elements. Do NOT support addPropertyControls.

Required Annotations [C/O]

Always include at minimum:

/**
 * @framerDisableUnlink
 * @framerIntrinsicWidth 100
 * @framerIntrinsicHeight 100
 */

Full set:

• @framerDisableUnlink — Prevents unlinking when modified
• @framerIntrinsicWidth / @framerIntrinsicHeight — Default dimensions
• @framerSupportedLayoutWidth / @framerSupportedLayoutHeight — any, auto, fixed, any-prefer-fixed

Code Override Pattern [O]

import type { ComponentType } from "react"
import { useState, useEffect } from "react"

/**
 * @framerDisableUnlink
 */
export function withFeatureName(Component): ComponentType {
    return (props) => {
        // State and logic here
        return <Component {...props} />
    }
}

Naming: Always use withFeatureName prefix.

Overrides Must Be Literal Exports (picker detection) [O]

Framer's override picker statically scans the file and only lists exports it can syntactically recognize as an override — a literal function declaration or an arrow assigned directly to the export. An export whose value is the return of a function call is invisible to the scanner: it won't appear in the Override dropdown (even though it would work if referenced by name).

This bites hardest when you try to DRY up several near-identical overrides with a factory:

// ❌ BROKEN — factory hides the overrides from the picker.
// Only literal functions in the file get listed; these three never appear.
const setVariant = (name) => (Component) => (props) => {
    const [, setStore] = useStore()
    return <Component {...props} onClick={() => setStore({ variant: name })} />
}
export const withSetVariant1 = setVariant("Variant 1") // not listed
export const withSetVariant2 = setVariant("Variant 2") // not listed
export const withSetVariant3 = setVariant("Variant 3") // not listed

// ✅ CORRECT — each override is a literal function; all are listed.
export function withSetVariant1(Component): ComponentType {
    return (props) => {
        const [, setStore] = useStore()
        return <Component {...props} onClick={() => setStore({ variant: "Variant 1" })} />
    }
}

Both literal forms are recognized: export function withX(Component) {…} or export const withX = (Component) => (props) => …. The rule: never produce an override by calling a helper — repeat the literal per override, even if it's more verbose. (Full worked example — 3 setters + 1 reader sharing a store — in references/patterns.md → Shared State Between Overrides.)

Code Component Pattern [C]

import { motion } from "framer-motion"
import { addPropertyControls, ControlType } from "framer"

/**
 * @framerDisableUnlink
 * @framerIntrinsicWidth 300
 * @framerIntrinsicHeight 200
 */
export default function MyComponent(props) {
    const { style } = props
    return <motion.div style={{ ...style }}>{/* content */}</motion.div>
}

MyComponent.defaultProps = {
    // Always define defaults
}

addPropertyControls(MyComponent, {
    // Controls here
})

---

Authoring

Property Controls Reference [C]

See references/property-controls.md for complete control types and patterns.

Font Handling [C/O]

Never access font properties individually. Always spread the entire font object.

// ❌ BROKEN - Will not work
style={{
    fontFamily: props.font.fontFamily,
    fontSize: props.font.fontSize,
}}

// ✅ CORRECT - Spread entire object
style={{
    ...props.font,
}}

Font control definition:

font: {
    type: ControlType.Font,
    controls: "extended",
    defaultValue: {
        fontFamily: "Inter",
        fontWeight: 500,
        fontSize: 16,
        lineHeight: "1.5em",
    },
}

Color Tokens (ControlType.Color) [C]

A ControlType.Color value arrives as a plain string when the user picks a static color, but as a { value: "#xxx" } object when bound to a Framer color token. Components that read the value directly break the moment the user binds a token.

Always unwrap:

const tok = (v: any) =>
    v && typeof v === "object" && "value" in v ? v.value : v

const bg = tok(props.background) // string in both cases

Use tok() wherever a color prop is consumed for parsing, CSS strings, or canvas styles. Same wrapper shape may appear on other token-bindable controls (sizes, shadows) — check before assuming.

---

Rendering & SSR

Hydration Safety [C/O]

Framer pre-renders on server. Browser APIs unavailable during SSR.

Two-phase rendering pattern:

const [isClient, setIsClient] = useState(false)

useEffect(() => {
    setIsClient(true)
}, [])

if (!isClient) {
    return <Component {...props} /> // SSR-safe fallback
}

// Client-only logic here

Never access directly at render time:

• window, document, navigator
• localStorage, sessionStorage
• window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight

Initial state must match SSR, then flip in an effect:

// ❌ BROKEN — looks "smart" but isn't
const [vw, setVw] = useState(
    typeof window !== "undefined" ? window.innerWidth : 0
)

useEffect(() => {
    setVw(window.innerWidth) // no-op: state already equals window.innerWidth
}, [])

The initial state already equals the real value on the client, so setState becomes a no-op and the SSR'd dimensions (always 0) persist forever in the rendered DOM.

// ✅ CORRECT — start at SSR-safe value, force a re-render via effect
const [vw, setVw] = useState(0)
const [vh, setVh] = useState(0)

useEffect(() => {
    const onResize = () => {
        setVw(window.innerWidth)
        setVh(window.innerHeight)
    }
    onResize()
    window.addEventListener("resize", onResize)
    return () => window.removeEventListener("resize", onResize)
}, [])

// Hide the first paint (SSR'd at 0) until the effect has populated real values
<div style={{ opacity: vw > 0 ? 1 : 0 }} />

Pairing the > 0 opacity gate with the flip-in-effect hides the first paint, otherwise you see a flash from 0/default → real size on refresh.

Canvas vs Preview Detection [C/O]

import { RenderTarget } from "framer"

const isOnCanvas = RenderTarget.current() === RenderTarget.canvas

// Show debug only in editor
{isOnCanvas && <DebugOverlay />}

Use for:

• Debug overlays
• Disabling heavy effects in editor
• Preview toggles

Concurrent Rendering: Wrap State Updates in startTransition [C/O]

Framer runs on React's concurrent renderer. Multi-setter updates in event handlers (steppers, async chains, form fields) can stutter under load. Wrap non-urgent updates:

import { startTransition } from "react"

const handleClick = () => {
    startTransition(() => {
        setQty((q) => ({ ...q, [id]: q[id] + 1 }))
        setError(null)
    })
}

const onSubmit = async () => {
    startTransition(() => {
        setLoading(true)
        setError(null)
    })
    try {
        const res = await fetch(...)
        // ...
    } catch (e) {
        startTransition(() => {
            setError(e.message)
            setLoading(false)
        })
    }
}

Don't wrap the user-input setter itself (onChange → setValue) — that one needs to feel immediate.

NPM Package Imports [C/O]

Standard import (preferred):

import { Component } from "package-name"

Force specific version via CDN when Framer cache is stuck:

import { Component } from "https://esm.sh/package-name@1.2.3?external=react,react-dom"

Always include ?external=react,react-dom for React components.

---

CMS

Content Timing in Overrides [O]

CMS text arrives in props.text asynchronously (~50–200ms after hydration). For variable-bound text from component props, it's synchronous on first render — no delay needed.

The reliable pattern for both: use resolvePlainText(props) (see Text in Overrides below) and gate on the value being non-empty:

const plainText = resolvePlainText(props)
// plainText is "" until content arrives → gate your animation on plainText.length > 0

Avoid 100ms arbitrary delays — they cause race conditions when the element is already in the viewport on load.

Text in Overrides [O]

Text comes from two different sources depending on how it's set:

| Source | Where it lives | When | |--------|---------------|------| | Static text (typed in Framer) | props.children nested structure | Always available on first render | | Variable-bound text (component prop / CMS) | props.text (plain string) | Available on first render for variables; async for CMS |

Always check props.text first, fall back to children:

import { isValidElement } from "react"

function extractParts(raw: any): any[] {
    if (typeof raw === "string") return [raw]
    if (isValidElement(raw)) return [raw]
    if (Array.isArray(raw)) return raw.flatMap(extractParts)
    return []
}

function toPlainText(parts: any[]): string {
    return parts.map((p) => (typeof p === "string" ? p : "\n")).join("")
}

function resolvePlainText(props: any): string {
    if (typeof props.text === "string" && props.text.length > 0) {
        return props.text  // variable-bound or CMS
    }
    const raw = props.children?.props?.children?.props?.children
    return toPlainText(extractParts(raw))  // static text
}

Never assume text is only in props.children. Variable-bound text bypasses the children structure entirely — props.children will contain a placeholder while props.text has the real value. If you only read children, variable text is invisible to your override.

CMS in Code Components [C]

Code components consume a Framer CMS Collection List via a ControlType.ComponentInstance slot, then walk the resulting React element tree to extract per-item content. Core helpers:

• useQueryData + getCollectionData to materialise items
• findByFramerName to extract named layers from each item's template
• Plain frames must wrap dynamic components if their name needs to be discoverable
• getPropertyControls(WrappedComponent) to inherit controls when one CMS component wraps another

Full pattern, helper code, and traps: see references/cms.md.

---

Overrides — Specific Patterns

Variant Control [O]

Cannot read variant names from props (may be hashed). Manage internally:

export function withVariantControl(Component): ComponentType {
    return (props) => {
        const [currentVariant, setCurrentVariant] = useState("variant-1")

        // Logic to change variant
        setCurrentVariant("variant-2")

        return <Component {...props} variant={currentVariant} />
    }
}

Triggering Framer-Attached Handlers [O]

Synthetic DOM events (dispatchEvent) don't reliably trigger Framer Motion handlers — they leave the element in a half-pressed state. Instead, walk the React fiber tree from the DOM node up to the handler-bearing fiber and call it directly:

const onTap = findFiberHandler(wrapper, "onTap")
onTap?.({} as any, {} as any)

Full helper, debugging snippets, deep-link use case, and maintenance risks: see references/fiber-handlers.md.

---

DOM & Performance

Scroll Detection Constraint [C/O]

Framer's scroll detection uses viewport-based IntersectionObserver. Applying overflow: scroll to containers breaks this detection.

For scroll-triggered animations, use:

const observer = new IntersectionObserver(
    (entries) => {
        entries.forEach((entry) => {
            if (entry.isIntersecting && !hasEntered) {
                setHasEntered(true)
            }
        })
    },
    { threshold: 0.1 }
)

Live-Read Refs: useRef, Not useState [C/O]

Hooks that read .current live on every event (Framer Motion's useScroll, IntersectionObserver targets, RAF loops) must receive a useRef. Storing the target in useState captures null on the first hook call and never re-subscribes once state flips.

The trap is that this often appears to work — useScroll silently falls back to window scroll, so the page seems to animate at first glance until you pin the target with id="..." and everything freezes.

// ❌ BROKEN — useScroll captures target: null on first render
const [scrollEl, setScrollEl] = useState<HTMLElement | null>(null)
useEffect(() => { setScrollEl(document.getElementById("section")) }, [])
const { scrollYProgress } = useScroll({ target: scrollEl })

// ✅ CORRECT — useScroll reads ref.current live on each event
const scrollRef = useRef<HTMLElement | null>(null)
useEffect(() => { scrollRef.current = document.getElementById("section") }, [])
const { scrollYProgress } = useScroll({ target: scrollRef })

Applies to any API that reads through a ref handle per event — not just useScroll.

Z-Index Stacking Context & React Portals [C/O]

Problem: Components with position: absolute inherit their parent's stacking context. Even with z-index: 9999, they can't appear above elements outside the parent.

Solution: Use React Portal to render at document.body level:

import { createPortal } from "react-dom"

export default function ComponentWithOverlay(props) {
    const [showOverlay, setShowOverlay] = useState(false)

    return (
        <div style={{ position: "relative" }}>
            {/* Main component content */}

            {/* Overlay rendered outside parent hierarchy */}
            {showOverlay && createPortal(
                <div style={{
                    position: "fixed",  // Fixed to viewport
                    inset: 0,
                    zIndex: 9999,
                    background: "rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)",
                }}>
                    {/* Overlay content */}
                </div>,
                document.body
            )}
        </div>
    )
}

Key differences:

• position: "fixed" positions relative to viewport, not parent
• Portal breaks out of component's DOM hierarchy and stacking context
• Works for modals, tooltips, popovers, loading overlays

Canvas vs Published: Portals work in both canvas editor and published site. No RenderTarget check needed.

Writing State into the URL [C]

A component can drive Framer's native URL-bound filtering by writing a query param. Framer's filters do the reading/filtering — your component only writes the param and keeps it in sync. Two non-obvious rules for the write side:

• Use replaceState, not pushState, for high-frequency writes (slider drags, live filters). pushState adds a history entry per event and traps the Back button.
• history.replaceState / pushState do NOT fire popstate. Only browser-driven navigation (Back/Forward, typed URL) fires it. So after writing, dispatch it yourself or the rest of the page never sees the change:

const url = new URL(window.location.href)
url.searchParams.set(paramName, String(value))
window.history.replaceState({}, "", url.toString())
// replaceState is silent — fire popstate so URL-bound consumers re-sync
window.dispatchEvent(new PopStateEvent("popstate"))

The component also listens on popstate to re-read the param on Back/Forward and hydrate its own UI (clamp/validate — it's user-editable). Init state from props, not the URL, so SSR matches; do the first URL read in useEffect. This is intra-page only — it does not navigate, so it sidesteps the "cross-page nav is unreliable in published Framer" trap. It's the same idea as a custom-event state bus, but over the browser's native popstate channel, so Framer's own URL filters pick it up for free.

Styling Native Range Inputs [C]

Framer offers no styling for native <input type="range">, and browsers paint their own blue track/thumb. To fully restyle:

• appearance: none (+ -webkit-appearance: none) and background: transparent on the input.
• Neutralise the track in both engines: ::-webkit-slider-runnable-track and ::-moz-range-track.
• Re-draw the thumb in both ::-webkit-slider-thumb and ::-moz-range-thumb — appearance:none removes the native thumb too, so recreate it per engine.
• Draw the visible track/fill as absolutely-positioned <div>s underneath; the transparent input sits on top.
• Scope selectors with a className (.rs-thumb) inside the <style> tag — bare input[type=range] leaks to every range on the page.

Dual-thumb (two stacked inputs over one track): set pointer-events: none on each input (so overlapping inputs don't block each other or the track) and pointer-events: auto on the thumb pseudo-elements only — just the thumbs stay grabbable. Enforce non-crossing in the onChange handlers (clamp each thumb against the other ± one step), not in the DOM.

Common Patterns

See references/patterns.md for shared state, keyboard detection, show-once logic, scroll effects, magnetic hover, animation triggers, mobile optimization, Safari SVG fix, loading-state scroll lock, easing curves with lerp animations.

---

Media

HLS Video Streaming (.m3u8) [C]

Chrome/Firefox do not natively support HLS — a plain <video src="...m3u8"> fails or plays the lowest rendition forever (Safari handles it natively). Fix: load HLS.js via dynamic import with silent fallback to native video.

See references/hls-video.md for the full loadHls / attachHls implementation and cleanup notes.

WebGL in Framer [C]

See references/webgl-shaders.md for shader implementation patterns including transparency handling.

---

Debug

Debug Logging [C/O]

Gate every console.log in a component behind a module-level boolean so production builds don't leak data or noise. Never sprinkle console.log directly — toggling them off later means hunting them down.

const debugMode = false // flip to true when debugging this component

if (debugMode) console.log("Honeypot active, fields:", values)

Especially important for components that handle user input (form values), auth state, or third-party tokens — these will end up in production console logs otherwise.