JavaScript Best Practices

Comprehensive guide for modern JavaScript development covering performance, code quality, and best practices.

When to Apply

Reference these guidelines when:

• Writing new JavaScript code
• Reviewing code for performance or quality issues
• Refactoring existing JavaScript code
• Optimizing application performance
• Ensuring code maintainability

Rule Categories by Priority

| Priority | Category | Impact | Prefix | |----------|----------|--------|--------| | 1 | Performance | CRITICAL | perf- | | 2 | Async Patterns | HIGH | async- | | 3 | Error Handling | HIGH | error- | | 4 | Code Quality | HIGH | quality- | | 5 | Modern Syntax | MEDIUM | modern- | | 6 | Arrays | MEDIUM | array- |

Quick Reference

1. Performance (CRITICAL)

• perf-avoid-memory-leaks - Always cleanup event listeners, timers, intervals, subscriptions, and observers

2. Async Patterns (HIGH)

• async-promise-chains - Prefer async/await over .then()/.catch() chains for better readability

3. Error Handling (HIGH)

• error-defensive-programming - Use guard clauses and validate input at system boundaries
• error-explicit-validation - Don't hide data errors with optional chaining - validate explicitly

4. Code Quality (HIGH)

• quality-strict-equality - Use === instead of == (except for null checks)
• quality-explicit-boolean-checks - Don't rely on truthy/falsy for non-boolean values
• quality-small-functions - Keep functions focused on one task (5-15 lines ideal)
• quality-no-magic-numbers - Extract numbers to named constants
• quality-immutability - Prefer creating new objects/arrays over mutating existing ones
• quality-pure-functions - Write functions with no side effects when possible
• quality-naming-conventions - Use meaningful, consistent names (camelCase, PascalCase, UPPER_SNAKE_CASE)
• quality-commenting - Comments explain "why", not "what" - code should be self-documenting
• quality-avoid-console-log - Use structured logging with levels in production

5. Modern Syntax (MEDIUM)

• modern-const-let-no-var - Never use var; prefer const, use let only when reassignment is needed

6. Arrays (MEDIUM)

• array-mutation-safety - Avoid in-place mutations (push, sort, reverse) on shared arrays

How to Use

Read individual rule files for detailed explanations and code examples:

rules/perf-avoid-memory-leaks.md
rules/async-promise-chains.md
rules/error-defensive-programming.md
rules/quality-strict-equality.md

Each rule file contains:

• Brief explanation of why it matters
• Incorrect code example with explanation
• Correct code example with explanation
• Additional context and references

Full Compiled Document

For the complete guide with all rules expanded: AGENTS.md