Send Feishu Message

Send messages, images, and files to Feishu groups or individuals.

Environment Variables

| Variable | Purpose | Required | |----------|---------|----------| | FEISHU_WEBHOOK | Group Webhook URL | For text/card/image to group | | FEISHU_APP_ID | App credential | For image/file upload & API send | | FEISHU_APP_SECRET | App credential | For image/file upload & API send | | FEISHU_CHAT_ID | Group chat ID (oc_xxx) | For API send to group | | FEISHU_USER_OPEN_ID | Personal open_id (ou_xxx) | For send to individual | | FEISHU_WEBHOOK_SECRET | Webhook signing secret | Only when group webhook has signature enabled |

Decision Logic

Choose the sending method based on content type and target:

Text/Card to group     → Webhook (simple, no auth needed)
Image to group         → Get token → Upload image → Webhook send image_key
File to group          → Get token → Upload file → API send to chat_id
Image/File to person   → Get token → Upload resource → API send to open_id
Text/Card to person    → Get token → API send to open_id

Choosing Format

Use text — simple one-liner (status update, quick note).

Use card — content has title + body, structured data, summary, or report.

Use image — user explicitly asks to send an image file, screenshot, or chart.

Use file — user asks to send .html/.md/.pdf/.doc/.xls etc., or content is too long for card display.

Send to individual — user says "发给我", "私发", "发到我的飞书", or specifies a person.

Step A: Get tenant_access_token

Required for image upload, file upload, and API message sending. Skip this step if only sending text/card via Webhook.

curl -s -X POST 'https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/auth/v3/tenant_access_token/internal' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"app_id":"'"$FEISHU_APP_ID"'","app_secret":"'"$FEISHU_APP_SECRET"'"}'

Response: {"code":0,"msg":"ok","tenant_access_token":"t-xxx","expire":7200}

Extract the token and store in a variable for subsequent steps.

Step B: Upload Image (get image_key)

Required when sending an image. Supports JPEG/PNG/WEBP/GIF/TIFF/BMP/ICO, max 10MB.

curl -s -X POST 'https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/im/v1/images' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -F 'image_type="message"' \
  -F 'image=@"/path/to/image.png"'

Response: {"code":0,"data":{"image_key":"img_xxx"}}

Step C: Upload File (get file_key)

Required when sending a file. Max 30MB.

curl -s -X POST 'https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/im/v1/files' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -F 'file_type="stream"' \
  -F 'file_name="report.md"' \
  -F 'file=@"/path/to/file"'

file_type values: opus (audio), mp4 (video), pdf, doc, xls, ppt, stream (binary, use as default).

Response: {"code":0,"data":{"file_key":"file_xxx"}}

Sending via Webhook

If the webhook has signature verification enabled, generate timestamp and sign first, then include them in the webhook payload. If no secret is configured, use the unsigned examples below.

Signed Webhook Payload

python3 - <<'PY'
import base64
import hashlib
import hmac
import json
import os
import time

secret = os.environ["FEISHU_WEBHOOK_SECRET"]
timestamp = str(int(time.time()))
string_to_sign = f"{timestamp}\n{secret}".encode("utf-8")
sign = base64.b64encode(hmac.new(string_to_sign, b"", digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()).decode("utf-8")

payload = {
    "timestamp": timestamp,
    "sign": sign,
    "msg_type": "text",
    "content": {"text": "MESSAGE_HERE"},
}
print(json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False))
PY

将输出的 JSON 作为 curl -d 请求体发送到 $FEISHU_WEBHOOK。卡片、图片消息同理，只需替换 msg_type 和 content。

Send Text

curl -s -X POST "$FEISHU_WEBHOOK" -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"msg_type":"text","content":{"text":"MESSAGE_HERE"}}'

Send Card

Pick header color by sentiment:

green — success, complete, done
orange — warning, attention
red — error, failure
blue — info, neutral (default)
purple — highlight, special

Short content (no special characters):

curl -s -X POST "$FEISHU_WEBHOOK" -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "msg_type":"interactive",
    "card":{
      "header":{"title":{"content":"TITLE","tag":"plain_text"},"template":"COLOR"},
      "elements":[{"tag":"div","text":{"content":"BODY_LARK_MD","tag":"lark_md"}}]
    }
  }'

Long content or content with special characters ($, ", \n, etc.) — always use this pattern:

python3 - << 'EOF' | curl -s -X POST "$FEISHU_WEBHOOK" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d @-
import json
card = {
    "msg_type": "interactive",
    "card": {
        "header": {"title": {"content": "TITLE", "tag": "plain_text"}, "template": "COLOR"},
        "elements": [
            {"tag": "div", "text": {"content": "BODY LINE 1\nBODY LINE 2", "tag": "lark_md"}},
            {"tag": "hr"},
            {"tag": "div", "text": {"content": "SECTION 2 CONTENT", "tag": "lark_md"}}
        ]
    }
}
print(json.dumps(card))
EOF

Card body supports lark_md: **bold**, *italic*, ~~strike~~, [link](url), \n for newlines.

Send Image via Webhook

After uploading image (Step B) to get image_key:

curl -s -X POST "$FEISHU_WEBHOOK" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"msg_type":"image","content":{"image_key":"img_xxx"}}'

Sending via API

Use API when sending files, or sending any content to an individual.

Send to Group (chat_id)

curl -s -X POST "https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/im/v1/messages?receive_id_type=chat_id" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
  -d '{"receive_id":"'"$FEISHU_CHAT_ID"'","msg_type":"MSG_TYPE","content":"CONTENT_JSON_STRING"}'

Send to Individual (open_id)

curl -s -X POST "https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/im/v1/messages?receive_id_type=open_id" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
  -d '{"receive_id":"'"$FEISHU_USER_OPEN_ID"'","msg_type":"MSG_TYPE","content":"CONTENT_JSON_STRING"}'

API Content Formats

The content field must be a JSON-encoded string (escaped JSON inside JSON).

Text:

{"receive_id":"ID","msg_type":"text","content":"{\"text\":\"Hello\"}"}

Image (after upload):

{"receive_id":"ID","msg_type":"image","content":"{\"image_key\":\"img_xxx\"}"}

File (after upload):

{"receive_id":"ID","msg_type":"file","content":"{\"file_key\":\"file_xxx\"}"}

After Sending

Check the response JSON:

Webhook: {"code":0,"msg":"success"} → success
API: {"code":0,"msg":"success","data":{...}} → success
code != 0 → report the error:
- 19001: webhook URL invalid
- 19021: signature check failed
- 19022: IP not whitelisted
- 19024: keyword check failed
- 99991663: token invalid or expired (re-run Step A)
- 230001: bot not in chat or no permission

Important

Always escape special characters in JSON (quotes, backslashes, newlines)
Use printf '%s' or heredoc to safely pass message content to curl if it contains special characters
If required env vars are not set, tell user which ones to configure
If webhook signature is enabled, require FEISHU_WEBHOOK_SECRET and include timestamp + sign
Keep messages concise — Feishu cards have display limits
Token from Step A is valid for 2 hours; no need to refresh within a session
App permissions required: im:message:send_as_bot (send messages), im:resource (upload images and files)